Digital systems are designed to work with two voltage values. A +5 volts represents a logic high state or logic 1 state and 0 volts represents a logic low state or logic 0 state. The Digital Systems which are based on two voltage values or two states can easily represent any two values. For example,
• The numbers ‘0’ and ‘1’
• The state of a switch ‘on’ or ‘off’
• The colour ‘black’ and ‘white’
• The temperature ‘hot’ and ‘cold’
• An object ‘moving’ or ‘stationary’
Representing two values or two states is not very practical, as many naturally occurring phenomenons have values or state that are more than two. For example, numbers have widely varying ranges, a colour palette might have 64 different shades of the colour red, the temperature of boiling water at room temperature varies from 30 0C to 100 0C. Digital Systems are based on the Binary Number system which allows more than two or multiple values to be represented very conveniently.
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